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ANATOMY / THE VISUAL PRACTICAL ATLAS

Head & Neck
Identify. Understand. Recall.

Skull, deep spaces, glands, pharynx, ear, nerves and vessels.

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THE HEAD & NECK CHECKLIST

Every published topic, organised.

171 linked lessons. Open a group, choose a structure, then inspect its anatomical references and identification labels.

All groups
01Regional overviews5Browse this group →
  1. Skull: views & sutures
  2. Cranial fossae & skull base
  3. Hyoid bone
  4. Muscles of mastication
  5. Tongue: extrinsic muscles
02Skull bones12Browse this group →
  1. Mandible
  2. Maxilla
  3. Temporal bone
  4. Sphenoid bone
  5. Frontal bone
  6. Parietal bone
  7. Occipital bone
  8. Nasal bone
  9. Zygomatic bone
  10. Lacrimal bone
  11. Palatine bone
  12. Ethmoid bone
03Sutures & surface landmarks8Browse this group →
  1. Coronal suture
  2. Glabella
  3. Supraorbital margin
  4. Zygomatic arch
  5. Pterion
  6. Squamous suture
  7. Lambdoid suture
  8. Sagittal suture
04Foramina & canals15Browse this group →
  1. Supraorbital foramen / notch
  2. Infraorbital foramen
  3. Mental foramen
  4. Optic canal
  5. Superior orbital fissure
  6. Foramen rotundum
  7. Foramen ovale
  8. Foramen spinosum
  9. Foramen lacerum
  10. Carotid canal
  11. Jugular foramen
  12. Foramen magnum
  13. Hypoglossal canal
  14. Internal acoustic meatus
  15. Stylomastoid foramen
05Nose, orbit & palate7Browse this group →
  1. Vomer
  2. Inferior nasal concha
  3. Middle nasal concha
  4. Hard palate
  5. Bony orbit
  6. Nasal septum
  7. Paranasal sinuses
06Temporal bone landmarks5Browse this group →
  1. Mastoid process
  2. Styloid process
  3. External acoustic meatus
  4. Mandibular fossa
  5. Articular tubercle
07Mandible landmarks7Browse this group →
  1. Mandibular foramen
  2. Lingula of mandible
  3. Condylar process of mandible
  4. Coronoid process of mandible
  5. Mandibular notch
  6. Angle of mandible
  7. Mylohyoid line
08Maxilla & palate landmarks1Browse this group →
  1. Alveolar process of maxilla
09Skull-base landmarks2Browse this group →
  1. Occipital condyles
  2. External occipital protuberance
10Sphenoid landmarks4Browse this group →
  1. Greater wing of sphenoid
  2. Lesser wing of sphenoid
  3. Sella turcica & hypophyseal fossa
  4. Pterygoid plates
11Ethmoid landmarks4Browse this group →
  1. Crista galli
  2. Cribriform plate
  3. Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
  4. Ethmoidal air cells
12Face & scalp muscles4Browse this group →
  1. Orbicularis oculi
  2. Orbicularis oris
  3. Buccinator
  4. Occipitofrontalis & epicranial aponeurosis
13Neck muscles & regions2Browse this group →
  1. Sternocleidomastoid
  2. Trapezius: cervical part
14Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles8Browse this group →
  1. Digastric muscle
  2. Mylohyoid muscle
  3. Geniohyoid muscle
  4. Stylohyoid muscle
  5. Sternohyoid muscle
  6. Omohyoid muscle
  7. Sternothyroid muscle
  8. Thyrohyoid muscle
15Larynx & anterior neck2Browse this group →
  1. Thyroid cartilage
  2. Thyroid gland: topographic relation
16Deep spaces10Browse this group →
  1. Temporal fossa
  2. Infratemporal fossa
  3. Pterygopalatine fossa
  4. Parapharyngeal space
  5. Retropharyngeal space
  6. Danger space of neck
  7. Carotid sheath
  8. Sublingual space
  9. Submandibular space
  10. Submental space
17Salivary glands & ducts6Browse this group →
  1. Parotid gland
  2. Parotid duct (Stensen)
  3. Submandibular gland
  4. Submandibular duct (Wharton)
  5. Sublingual gland
  6. Minor salivary glands
18Pharynx & palate8Browse this group →
  1. Nasopharynx
  2. Oropharynx
  3. Laryngopharynx
  4. Palatine tonsil
  5. Pharyngeal constrictor muscles
  6. Stylopharyngeus muscle
  7. Soft palate
  8. Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube
19Larynx6Browse this group →
  1. Epiglottis
  2. Cricoid cartilage
  3. Arytenoid cartilages
  4. True vocal folds
  5. Posterior cricoarytenoid
  6. Cricothyroid muscle
20Ear13Browse this group →
  1. Auricle (pinna)
  2. Tympanic membrane
  3. Tympanic cavity
  4. Malleus
  5. Incus
  6. Stapes
  7. Oval window
  8. Round window
  9. Cochlea
  10. Vestibule, utricle and saccule
  11. Semicircular canals
  12. Stapedius
  13. Tensor tympani
21Nerves & ganglia26Browse this group →
  1. Olfactory nerve (I)
  2. Optic nerve (II)
  3. Oculomotor nerve (III)
  4. Trochlear nerve (IV)
  5. Ophthalmic division (V1)
  6. Maxillary division (V2)
  7. Mandibular division (V3)
  8. Abducens nerve (VI)
  9. Facial nerve (VII)
  10. Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
  11. Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
  12. Vagus nerve (X)
  13. Accessory nerve (XI)
  14. Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
  15. Lingual nerve
  16. Inferior alveolar nerve
  17. Auriculotemporal nerve
  18. Chorda tympani
  19. Superior laryngeal nerve
  20. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
  21. Ansa cervicalis
  22. Cervical plexus
  23. Cervical sympathetic trunk
  24. Otic ganglion
  25. Pterygopalatine ganglion
  26. Submandibular ganglion
22Vessels & lymphatics16Browse this group →
  1. Common carotid artery
  2. External carotid artery
  3. Internal carotid artery
  4. Carotid sinus and body
  5. Facial artery
  6. Lingual artery
  7. Maxillary artery
  8. Middle meningeal artery
  9. Superficial temporal artery
  10. Vertebral artery
  11. Internal jugular vein
  12. External jugular vein
  13. Retromandibular vein
  14. Pterygoid venous plexus
  15. Cavernous sinus
  16. Deep cervical lymph nodes

Includes deep spaces, salivary glands, pharynx and larynx, ear, nerves, vessels and lymphatics. This undergraduate revision collection supports your departmental syllabus; anatomical variants and specimen appearances differ. Galleries contain anatomical plates and illustrations with original labels and individual image credits.

Skull: views & sutures teaching reference
Regional overviews

Skull: views & sutures

Protects the brain and supports facial and sensory structures.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 6 viva prompts
Mandible teaching reference
Skull bones

Mandible

Supports mandibular teeth and moves during chewing and speech.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 5 viva prompts
Maxilla teaching reference
Skull bones

Maxilla

Supports upper teeth and contributes to the orbit, nasal cavity and hard palate.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 5 viva prompts
Temporal bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Temporal bone

Houses ear structures and contributes to the temporomandibular joint.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 5 viva prompts
Sphenoid bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Sphenoid bone

Contributes to the cranial floor, orbit and passages for nerves and vessels.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 5 viva prompts
Cranial fossae & skull base teaching reference
Regional overviews

Cranial fossae & skull base

Supports brain regions and transmits cranial nerves and vessels.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 5 viva prompts
Hyoid bone teaching reference
Regional overviews

Hyoid bone

Anchors muscles involved in tongue movement and swallowing.

Identify · Structures · Viva 1 reference · 5 viva prompts
Muscles of mastication teaching reference
Regional overviews

Muscles of mastication

Move the mandible during mastication.

Identify · Structures · Viva 1 reference · 5 viva prompts
Tongue: extrinsic muscles teaching reference
Regional overviews

Tongue: extrinsic muscles

Extrinsic muscles position the tongue during speech and swallowing.

Identify · Structures · Viva 1 reference · 5 viva prompts
Frontal bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Frontal bone

Forms the forehead and roof of the orbit.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Coronal suture teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Coronal suture

A serrated junction between frontal and parietal bones.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Glabella teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Glabella

Smooth midline area of frontal bone between the superciliary arches.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Supraorbital foramen / notch teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Supraorbital foramen / notch

An opening or notch on the superior orbital rim.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Supraorbital margin teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Supraorbital margin

The superior rim of the bony orbit.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Parietal bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Parietal bone

Paired vault bones superior to the squamous temporal bone.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Occipital bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Occipital bone

Forms the posterior skull and much of the posterior cranial floor.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Nasal bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Nasal bone

A paired small bone at the nasal bridge.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Zygomatic bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Zygomatic bone

Forms the cheek prominence.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Lacrimal bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Lacrimal bone

A small thin bone in the medial orbital wall.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Vomer teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Vomer

Thin midline bone forming the posteroinferior bony nasal septum.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Inferior nasal concha teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Inferior nasal concha

A separate curved bone on the lateral nasal wall.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Middle nasal concha teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Middle nasal concha

Projects from the lateral wall above the inferior concha.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Infraorbital foramen teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Infraorbital foramen

An opening on anterior maxilla below the orbit.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mental foramen teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Mental foramen

Opening on the anterolateral mandibular body.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Zygomatic arch teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Zygomatic arch

A bony bridge on the lateral skull.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Pterion teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Pterion

A junction of four bones on the lateral skull.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Squamous suture teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Squamous suture

Overlapping junction of parietal and squamous temporal bones.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Lambdoid suture teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Lambdoid suture

Serrated posterior-vault suture.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mastoid process teaching reference
Temporal bone landmarks

Mastoid process

A projection posterior and inferior to external acoustic meatus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Styloid process teaching reference
Temporal bone landmarks

Styloid process

A slender inferior projection of temporal bone.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
External acoustic meatus teaching reference
Temporal bone landmarks

External acoustic meatus

Lateral opening of the bony external ear canal.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mandibular fossa teaching reference
Temporal bone landmarks

Mandibular fossa

Depression on temporal bone anterior to external acoustic meatus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Articular tubercle teaching reference
Temporal bone landmarks

Articular tubercle

Raised temporal-bone eminence anterior to mandibular fossa.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mandibular foramen teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Mandibular foramen

Opening on the medial mandibular ramus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Lingula of mandible teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Lingula of mandible

A tongue-shaped bony projection near the mandibular foramen.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Condylar process of mandible teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Condylar process of mandible

Posterior superior process of the mandibular ramus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Coronoid process of mandible teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Coronoid process of mandible

Anterior superior triangular process of ramus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mandibular notch teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Mandibular notch

Concavity between coronoid and condylar processes.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Angle of mandible teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Angle of mandible

Junction of body and ramus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mylohyoid line teaching reference
Mandible landmarks

Mylohyoid line

Oblique ridge on the medial mandibular body.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Alveolar process of maxilla teaching reference
Maxilla & palate landmarks

Alveolar process of maxilla

Tooth-bearing part of the maxilla.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Hard palate teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Hard palate

Bony partition between oral and nasal cavities.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Palatine bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Palatine bone

L-shaped paired facial bone.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Optic canal teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Optic canal

A small canal near the root of the lesser sphenoid wing.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Superior orbital fissure teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Superior orbital fissure

A cleft between greater and lesser sphenoid wings.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Foramen rotundum teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Foramen rotundum

Round opening in the sphenoid greater-wing region.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Foramen ovale teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Foramen ovale

Oval opening in the greater wing of sphenoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Foramen spinosum teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Foramen spinosum

Small opening posterolateral to foramen ovale.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Foramen lacerum teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Foramen lacerum

Irregular skull-base junction between sphenoid, temporal and occipital regions.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Carotid canal teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Carotid canal

Canal within petrous temporal bone.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Jugular foramen teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Jugular foramen

Irregular opening between petrous temporal and occipital bones.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Foramen magnum teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Foramen magnum

Large opening within the occipital bone.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Hypoglossal canal teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Hypoglossal canal

Small canal in occipital bone near the foramen magnum.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Internal acoustic meatus teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Internal acoustic meatus

Opening on posterior surface of petrous temporal bone.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Stylomastoid foramen teaching reference
Foramina & canals

Stylomastoid foramen

Opening between styloid and mastoid processes.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Occipital condyles teaching reference
Skull-base landmarks

Occipital condyles

Paired convex articular surfaces beside foramen magnum.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Greater wing of sphenoid teaching reference
Sphenoid landmarks

Greater wing of sphenoid

Broad lateral extension of the sphenoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Lesser wing of sphenoid teaching reference
Sphenoid landmarks

Lesser wing of sphenoid

Thin wing extending laterally from sphenoid body.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Sella turcica & hypophyseal fossa teaching reference
Sphenoid landmarks

Sella turcica & hypophyseal fossa

Saddle-shaped superior region of sphenoid body.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Pterygoid plates teaching reference
Sphenoid landmarks

Pterygoid plates

Paired medial and lateral plates descend from sphenoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
External occipital protuberance teaching reference
Skull-base landmarks

External occipital protuberance

Midline projection on the posterior external occipital surface.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Ethmoid bone teaching reference
Skull bones

Ethmoid bone

Light complex bone between the orbits.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Crista galli teaching reference
Ethmoid landmarks

Crista galli

Superior midline crest of the ethmoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Cribriform plate teaching reference
Ethmoid landmarks

Cribriform plate

A perforated horizontal plate of ethmoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid teaching reference
Ethmoid landmarks

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

Thin vertical midline plate.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Ethmoidal air cells teaching reference
Ethmoid landmarks

Ethmoidal air cells

Small air spaces in ethmoidal labyrinths.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Bony orbit teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Bony orbit

Pyramidal bony socket with an anterior base and posterior apex.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Nasal septum teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Nasal septum

Midline partition separating nasal cavities.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Paranasal sinuses teaching reference
Nose, orbit & palate

Paranasal sinuses

Air spaces in frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid and maxillary bones.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Sagittal suture teaching reference
Sutures & surface landmarks

Sagittal suture

Midline junction between parietal bones.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Orbicularis oculi teaching reference
Face & scalp muscles

Orbicularis oculi

Circular muscle around the eyelids and orbit.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Orbicularis oris teaching reference
Face & scalp muscles

Orbicularis oris

Muscular complex surrounding the oral aperture.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Buccinator teaching reference
Face & scalp muscles

Buccinator

Forms the muscular cheek wall.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Occipitofrontalis & epicranial aponeurosis teaching reference
Face & scalp muscles

Occipitofrontalis & epicranial aponeurosis

Frontal and occipital bellies are joined by an aponeurosis.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Sternocleidomastoid teaching reference
Neck muscles & regions

Sternocleidomastoid

Superficial oblique neck muscle.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Trapezius: cervical part teaching reference
Neck muscles & regions

Trapezius: cervical part

Broad superficial muscle of posterior neck and upper back.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Digastric muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Digastric muscle

Two muscular bellies joined by an intermediate tendon.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Mylohyoid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Mylohyoid muscle

Paired muscular sheets form much of the mouth floor.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Geniohyoid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Geniohyoid muscle

Narrow paired muscle superior to mylohyoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Stylohyoid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Stylohyoid muscle

Slender muscle from styloid process to hyoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Sternohyoid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Sternohyoid muscle

A superficial vertical strap muscle.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Omohyoid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Omohyoid muscle

Two bellies connected by an intermediate tendon.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Sternothyroid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Sternothyroid muscle

Deep infrahyoid strap muscle.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Thyrohyoid muscle teaching reference
Suprahyoid & infrahyoid muscles

Thyrohyoid muscle

Short muscle between thyroid cartilage and hyoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Thyroid cartilage teaching reference
Larynx & anterior neck

Thyroid cartilage

Large shield-like cartilage of larynx.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Thyroid gland: topographic relation teaching reference
Larynx & anterior neck

Thyroid gland: topographic relation

Two lateral lobes flank the upper tracheal region.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 3 viva prompts
Temporal fossa teaching reference
Deep spaces

Temporal fossa

A space for temporalis and its neurovascular supply.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Infratemporal fossa teaching reference
Deep spaces

Infratemporal fossa

A deep facial region containing pterygoid muscles, maxillary vessels, pterygoid plexus and V3 branches.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Pterygopalatine fossa teaching reference
Deep spaces

Pterygopalatine fossa

A neurovascular crossroads between orbit, nose, palate, cranial cavity and infratemporal fossa.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Parapharyngeal space teaching reference
Deep spaces

Parapharyngeal space

A deep neck space whose relations explain spread of infection and displacement of nearby structures.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Retropharyngeal space teaching reference
Deep spaces

Retropharyngeal space

Permits pharyngeal movement and is a potential route for infection.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Danger space of neck teaching reference
Deep spaces

Danger space of neck

A potential route for descending infection into the thorax.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Carotid sheath teaching reference
Deep spaces

Carotid sheath

Organises the major neurovascular bundle of the neck.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Sublingual space teaching reference
Deep spaces

Sublingual space

Contains sublingual gland, submandibular duct and important neurovascular relations.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Submandibular space teaching reference
Deep spaces

Submandibular space

A potential site for spread of odontogenic infection.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Submental space teaching reference
Deep spaces

Submental space

A midline floor-of-mouth-related space.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Parotid gland teaching reference
Salivary glands & ducts

Parotid gland

Largest major salivary gland; predominantly serous secretion.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Parotid duct (Stensen) teaching reference
Salivary glands & ducts

Parotid duct (Stensen)

Conducts parotid secretion to the oral vestibule.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Submandibular gland teaching reference
Salivary glands & ducts

Submandibular gland

Produces mixed, predominantly serous saliva.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Submandibular duct (Wharton) teaching reference
Salivary glands & ducts

Submandibular duct (Wharton)

Carries submandibular saliva into the oral cavity.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Sublingual gland teaching reference
Salivary glands & ducts

Sublingual gland

Produces mixed saliva, predominantly mucous.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Minor salivary glands teaching reference
Salivary glands & ducts

Minor salivary glands

Maintain local mucosal lubrication through short ducts.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Nasopharynx teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Nasopharynx

Conducts air and communicates with the middle ear through auditory tubes.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Oropharynx teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Oropharynx

A shared passage for swallowed material and air.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Laryngopharynx teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Laryngopharynx

Directs swallowed material around the laryngeal entrance toward the oesophagus.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Palatine tonsil teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Palatine tonsil

Part of Waldeyer's lymphoid ring.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Pharyngeal constrictor muscles teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles

Propel a swallowed bolus inferiorly.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Stylopharyngeus muscle teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Stylopharyngeus muscle

Elevates and widens the pharynx during swallowing.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Soft palate teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Soft palate

Separates nasopharynx from the swallowing pathway when elevated.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube teaching reference
Pharynx & palate

Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

Ventilates the middle ear and helps equalise pressure.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Epiglottis teaching reference
Larynx

Epiglottis

Contributes to protection of the laryngeal inlet during swallowing.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Cricoid cartilage teaching reference
Larynx

Cricoid cartilage

Supports the larynx and forms joints for laryngeal movement.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Arytenoid cartilages teaching reference
Larynx

Arytenoid cartilages

Position the vocal folds during breathing and phonation.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
True vocal folds teaching reference
Larynx

True vocal folds

Vibrate in phonation and participate in airway closure.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Posterior cricoarytenoid teaching reference
Larynx

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Opens the rima glottidis by abducting the vocal folds.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Cricothyroid muscle teaching reference
Larynx

Cricothyroid muscle

Tenses and lengthens the vocal folds.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Auricle (pinna) teaching reference
Ear

Auricle (pinna)

Collects sound into the external acoustic meatus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Tympanic membrane teaching reference
Ear

Tympanic membrane

Transfers acoustic vibration to the ossicular chain.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Tympanic cavity teaching reference
Ear

Tympanic cavity

Conducts sound through the middle-ear ossicles.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Malleus teaching reference
Ear

Malleus

Receives vibration from the tympanic membrane.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Incus teaching reference
Ear

Incus

Links malleus and stapes.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Stapes teaching reference
Ear

Stapes

Transmits vibration into inner-ear fluid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Oval window teaching reference
Ear

Oval window

Receives mechanical energy transmitted by the ossicles.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Round window teaching reference
Ear

Round window

Allows compensatory movement of cochlear fluid.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Cochlea teaching reference
Ear

Cochlea

Contains the sensory apparatus for hearing.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Vestibule, utricle and saccule teaching reference
Ear

Vestibule, utricle and saccule

Otolith organs detect linear acceleration and head orientation relative to gravity.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Semicircular canals teaching reference
Ear

Semicircular canals

Detect angular acceleration through the membranous semicircular ducts.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Stapedius teaching reference
Ear

Stapedius

Modulates stapes movement.

Identify · Structures · Viva 1 reference · 4 viva prompts
Tensor tympani teaching reference
Ear

Tensor tympani

Tenses the tympanic membrane through the malleus.

Identify · Structures · Viva 1 reference · 4 viva prompts
Olfactory nerve (I) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Olfactory nerve (I)

Special sensory smell; numerous filaments pass through the cribriform plate.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Optic nerve (II) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Optic nerve (II)

Carries vision and the afferent limb of the pupillary light reflex.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Oculomotor nerve (III) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Oculomotor nerve (III)

Supplies most extraocular muscles, levator palpebrae and preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to the ciliary ganglion.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Trochlear nerve (IV) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Trochlear nerve (IV)

Motor supply to superior oblique.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Ophthalmic division (V1) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Ophthalmic division (V1)

Sensory division supplying forehead, cornea and related upper facial regions.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Maxillary division (V2) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Maxillary division (V2)

Sensory division for midface, upper teeth, palate and nasal regions.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Mandibular division (V3) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Mandibular division (V3)

Mixed division supplying lower facial sensation and first-arch muscles.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Abducens nerve (VI) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Abducens nerve (VI)

Motor supply to lateral rectus.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Facial nerve (VII) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Facial nerve (VII)

Mixed nerve for facial expression, taste and parasympathetic pathways.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Special sensory nerve for hearing and equilibrium.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Mixed nerve with pharyngeal sensation, stylopharyngeus motor and parotid parasympathetic functions.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Vagus nerve (X) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Vagus nerve (X)

Mixed nerve supplying the pharynx, larynx and thoracoabdominal viscera.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Accessory nerve (XI) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Accessory nerve (XI)

Spinal accessory fibres supply sternocleidomastoid and trapezius.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Hypoglossal nerve (XII) teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Motor nerve to intrinsic and most extrinsic tongue muscles.

Identify · Structures · Viva Focused view + full reference · 4 viva prompts
Lingual nerve teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Lingual nerve

Carries general sensation from anterior two-thirds of tongue and receives chorda tympani fibres.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Inferior alveolar nerve teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Inferior alveolar nerve

Sensory supply to lower teeth, with a mylohyoid motor branch before canal entry.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Auriculotemporal nerve teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Auriculotemporal nerve

Sensory nerve that also conveys postganglionic parasympathetic fibres to parotid.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Chorda tympani teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Chorda tympani

Carries taste from anterior tongue and preganglionic parasympathetic fibres for submandibular/sublingual glands.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Superior laryngeal nerve teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Superior laryngeal nerve

Divides into sensory internal and mainly motor external branches.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Recurrent laryngeal nerve teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Supplies most intrinsic laryngeal muscles and sensation below vocal folds.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Ansa cervicalis teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Ansa cervicalis

Cervical motor loop supplying sternohyoid, sternothyroid and omohyoid.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Cervical plexus teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Cervical plexus

Supplies neck skin and muscles and contributes to the phrenic nerve.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Cervical sympathetic trunk teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Cervical sympathetic trunk

Sympathetic pathway for head and neck structures.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Otic ganglion teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Otic ganglion

Parasympathetic relay for parotid gland.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Pterygopalatine ganglion teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Parasympathetic relay for lacrimal, nasal and palatal secretomotor pathways.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Submandibular ganglion teaching reference
Nerves & ganglia

Submandibular ganglion

Parasympathetic relay associated with the floor of mouth.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
Common carotid artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Common carotid artery

Main arterial trunk that usually bifurcates near the upper border of thyroid cartilage.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
External carotid artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

External carotid artery

Supplies much of the external head and neck.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Internal carotid artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Internal carotid artery

Supplies intracranial structures and orbit through its branches.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Carotid sinus and body teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Carotid sinus and body

Sinus is a baroreceptor region; carotid body is a peripheral chemoreceptor.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Facial artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Facial artery

Tortuous artery supplying face and related pharyngeal/palatal structures.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Lingual artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Lingual artery

Major artery of tongue and floor-of-mouth regions.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Maxillary artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Maxillary artery

Terminal ECA branch supplying deep face, teeth, dura and nasal/palatal regions.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Middle meningeal artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Middle meningeal artery

Major dural arterial supply.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Superficial temporal artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Superficial temporal artery

Supplies temporal scalp and adjacent regions.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Vertebral artery teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Vertebral artery

Contributes to posterior cerebral circulation.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Internal jugular vein teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Internal jugular vein

Major venous drainage pathway from brain, deep face and neck.

Identify · Structures · Viva 3 references · 4 viva prompts
External jugular vein teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

External jugular vein

Drains superficial head and neck territories.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Retromandibular vein teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Retromandibular vein

Connects deep facial and superficial venous drainage.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Pterygoid venous plexus teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Pterygoid venous plexus

Venous network of the infratemporal region.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Cavernous sinus teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Cavernous sinus

Paired dural venous space with important neurovascular relations.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts
Deep cervical lymph nodes teaching reference
Vessels & lymphatics

Deep cervical lymph nodes

Receive drainage from many head-and-neck lymphatic groups.

Identify · Structures · Viva 2 references · 4 viva prompts