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PHYSIOLOGY / INSTRUMENT REFERENCE1 / 1 reference
Stopwatch — reference view
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Timing dial

Timing dial: located on the reference instrument. Compare its shape and position with the apparatus used in your practical.

Zoom in, then drag to inspect. Keyboard: + / − to zoom, arrows to pan, 0 to reset. Tap the numbered markers to explore parts.

Stopwatch — reference view

Image: Stephanie cheks · Source / original · CC BY-SA 4.0

Resized and converted to WebP; original colours retained.

Stopwatch

Recording & experiments

Stopwatch

Interval timer · chronometer

THE FIRST VIVA QUESTION

What is its use?

Measures time intervals in physiology practicals.

Tap a number to locate its part. Zoom, drag or use full screen to inspect the reference. Models and graduations can differ; check the actual apparatus used in your laboratory.

01 / IDENTIFICATION

How to recognise it.

  1. Elapsed-time dial or digital display
  2. Start and stop control
  3. Reset or lap control
Tell the difference.

A stopwatch measures elapsed time, while a time marker places a continuous timing reference on a recording.

02 / NUMBERED PARTS

Point them out.

Choose a part to bring its numbered marker into view.

03 / WORKING PRINCIPLE

The science behind the reading.

An oscillator or mechanical timebase provides a calibrated interval; the operator defines start and end events.

04 / VIVA PRACTICE

Think first. Then reveal.

Explain your answer aloud before opening it.

01Why is reaction time a source of error?
SUGGESTED ANSWER

The operator starts and stops after perceiving an event, introducing delay and variability.

02What is resolution?
SUGGESTED ANSWER

The smallest displayed or readable time increment.

03Does high display resolution guarantee accuracy?
SUGGESTED ANSWER

No. Calibration, device performance and the method all matter.

04Why repeat an interval measurement?
SUGGESTED ANSWER

Repeated observations help assess random variation and consistency.

Read the references.

Teaching and clinical references are listed here. Image attribution and licence appear below the viewer.